International Journal of Business and Social Science

ISSN 2219-1933 (Print), 2219-6021 (Online) DOI: 10.30845/ijbss

Globalization and National Development: An Analysis of Brain Drain and Brain Circulation in Sub-Saharan Africa
Sussie Uzo Aham Okoro, PhD; Ephraim A. Okoro, PhD

Abstract
The brain drain phenomenon remains an increasingly devastating impact on the economic wellbeing of countries in the sub-Saharan Africa. For decades now, the rate of national development has stagnated because of the impact of brain drain, which is the unintended consequence and outgrowth of globalization. Brain drain/brain circulation, the mobility or departure of highly skilled and educated workforce out of sub-Saharan Africa to Western industrial countries, has been a concern to past and present governments as well to African citizens. This paper examines past and current trends associated with globalization, brain drain, brain circulation, and their impact on national/economic developments. This research determines and emphasizes a consistent long-term impact of the exodus or mass departure of skilled citizens on the rate of progress, quality of life, and global competitiveness. Based on reviews and findings, this study raises awareness on the challenge of both globalization and brain drain, and makes recommendations for balancing global developments in the interest of mankind.

Full Text: PDF